Crime Repeating Offenses are like addiction
Dr. Jacob rub Date: 8/9/2019
Does the phenomenon of returning to crime can be erased, or can be reduced, not at a high rate? The economic damage caused by crime in the State of Israel in 2014 is estimated by the Ministry of Public Security at over 4 billion $, according to a report prepared by the Planning, Budgeting and Control Division of the Ministry. Assuming that according to studies in Israel the rate of recidivism is about 60%, then approximately 12,000 prisoners out of an average of about 20,000 prisoners in Israel are prisoners returning to prison for the second time. Thus, about 2.5 milliard dollars is the cost of rationalism in Israel. Of a criminal who returns to prison is estimated at $ 200,000 for the Israeli taxpayers. [1] Research by the Ministry of Justice of Japan (2007) reveals that only approximately 30% of repeat offenders were responsible for around 60% of the crime committed in Japan from 1948 to 2006. [2] 2267 prisoners incarcerated in Israeli jails in 2011, which for the sixth time or more. 70% up to 18 prisoners returning from their bondage past five years first at least once in prison. According to the Civil Service Commissioner Lieutenant General Aharon Franco, as of 2011, the percentage of recurring crime in Israeli jails is 62% below the world average of 70%. With However, it should be noted that the comparison relates also to third world countries where the percentages are much higher. One of the factors behind the problem of the prison system is the lack of rehabilitative activities for prisoners are released. Budget makes that option of reconstruction is closed in advance for 70% of the prisoners.
Another statistic refers to minors under 18, not less than 70% of them returned to prison to serve an additional penalty. The percentage return of prisoners aged 25-45 - are most prisoners - is 45%, while the older ones, aged 45 and above, constitute only 20% of those who return to prison to serve his sentence. It should be noted that the offenses had a marked effect on the chances of a prisoner back to jail. Offense of which the percentage is the highest returning asset is when 57% of offenders returning to prison in this area. The following then are: robbery, 52%; Drugs 50%; Public order 47%; Violence, 46%; Traffic and Licensing 46%; From a level of 41%; Crimes against life (murder, manslaughter) 20%; 19% of sexual offenses; And 9% economic crimes. The data also show that successful women rebuild their lives outside of prison better: 34.8% of women return of serving again in the five years after discharge, compared with 43.5% of men. [3]
According the Bureau of Justice Statistics (2014) – An estimated two-thirds (68 percent) of 405,000 prisoners released in 30 states in 2005 were arrested for a new crime within three years of release from prison, and three-quarters (77 percent) were arrested within five years, the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) announced today. More than a third (37 percent) of prisoners who were arrested within five years of release were arrested within the first six months after release, with more than half (57 percent) arrested by the end of the first year. These findings are based on a BJS data collection, Recidivism of State Prisoners Released in 2005, which tracked a sample of former prison inmates from 30 states for five years following release in 2005. During the five years after release, prisoners in the study were arrested about 1.2 million times across the country. A sixth (16 percent) of released prisoners were responsible for nearly half (48 percent) of the arrests. About two in five (42 percent) released prisoners were either not arrested or were arrested no more than once in the five years after release. [4]
Since the early 1990s, the percentage of inmates who are convicted of a new crime within three years of getting out of prison has fallen steadily. In the category of "violent" criminals, the Department of Corrections looked at those convicted of murder, non-negligent manslaughter, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, negligent manslaughter, kidnapping, other sexual assault, simple assault, and other violent offenses including intimidation, illegal abortion. [5] Neyfakh is writing that one of the most frequently cited and dispiriting statistics about the American criminal justice system is that more than half of state prisoners end up returning to prison within five years of their release.* These numbers come from a study conducted by the federal government’s Bureau of Justice Statistics, in which researchers tracked about 400,000 people from around the country who were released from state prisons in 2005. The strong implication of the findings is that people who are incarcerated are extremely likely to reoffend once they’re free and that most of them spend their lives in and out of correctional facilities. [ [6
As my conclusion: The phenomenon of returning to crime cannot be erased, but it can be reduced, not at a high rate. Repeated offenses of offenders are like addiction to all intents and purposes. Recidivism symbolizes the helplessness of society to this phenomenon despite the existence of rehabilitation programs. In this sense, deterrence from punishment and imprisonment in prison is not effective and creative tools are needed to deal with the phenomenon that does not affect potential offenders in terms of their detection and / or duration of imprisonment. An exception to this issue is White Collar Crime, which, according to studies, is a deterrent, apparently due to the loss of a place of work and the fact that this is a crime of criminals of different economic status than the blue-collar criminals and other reasons are different. As stated, we believe that repeat delinquency is a type of addiction in such situations. The decision of the potential offender who is imprisoned for 5 or 10 times ca not be perceived as a rational decision, since any such decision is to take into account the fact that the probability of the offender's punishment is high, So that it seems to us that making the decision of the offender is irrational. We have said: Intuitively, the perpetrator commits the offenses as a result of impulses, most of which are not controlled. And every time there is a computer that will not be caught. This is the recurring mistake. There is no worse punishment. That's how it works. The data we have presented confirms the fact that it is only possible to reduce the incidence of recidivism at a very low rate. The man's evil inclination, among others, was the philosopher Thomas Hobbes - and he was right.
Reference
. Internal security office of Israel1 http://mops.gov.il/CrimeAndSociety/CostOfCrime/Pages/CrimeDamages2014.aspx visited: 27.6.2017))
2. Leg Med (Tokyo). An international comparative overview on the rehabilitation of offenders and effective measures for the prevention of recidivism, 2009 Apr; 11. Doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.01.064. Epub 6.3.2009 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19269218 (visited :( 7.6.2017)
3.Kobobitz, Yaniv. 62%of offenders returning to prison after release, 27.03.2012 http://www.haaretz.co.il/news/law/1.1672691 (visited: 27.6.2017)
4. Bureau of Justice Statistics. 3 IN 4 FORMER PRISONERS IN 30 STATES ARRESTED WITHIN 5 YEARS OF RELEASE, APRIL 22, 2014.
http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/3-in-4-former-prisoners-in-30-states-arrested-within-5-years-of-release-256173261.html (visited: 27.6.2017)
5.Umhoefer, Dave. "Over 39% of violent criminals return to prison following their release."February, 10th, 2017 http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2017/feb/10/joe-sanfelippo/joe-sanfelippo-39-percent-violent-criminals-return/(visited: 27.6.2017)
6. Neyfakh, Leon .Why Do So Many Ex-Cons End up Back in Prison? Maybe they don’t a provocative new study says recidivism rates are drastically lower than we think. http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/crime/2015/10/why_do_so_many_prisoners_end_up_back_in_prison_a_new_study_says_maybe_they.html(visited: 27.6.2017)
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